DISCOVERIES (ISSN 2359-7232), 2014, July-September

CITATION: 

Leabu M, Niculite CM. Porosome: a membrane microdomain acting as the universal secretory portal in exocytosis. Discoveries 2014, Jul-Sep; 2(3): e29. DOI: 10.15190/d.2014.21 

Submitted: September 10, 2014; Revised: September 22, 2014; Accepted: September 22, 2014; Published: September 23, 2014; 

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Porosome: a membrane microdomain acting as the universal secretory portal in exocytosis

Mircea Leabu*, Cristina Mariana Niculite

University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, and “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania 

*Correspondence to: 

Mircea Leabu, PhD, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 99-101, Splaiul Independentei, 050096, Bucharest, Romania; E-mail: mircea.leabu@ivb.ro

Abstract

Most, if not all, cells in the organism, at least in some period of their lifetime, secrete materials that are produced within the cell. Cell secretion is a phenomenon requiring membrane fusion at a specialized plasma membrane structure called the ‘porosome,’ which allows the material stored within secretory vesicles to be delivered to the cell’s exterior environment. This is achieved when the secretory vesicles fuse at the base of the porosome complex, establishing a fusion pore or fluid continuity between the vesicle interior and the cell’s exterior. Besides cell secretion, membrane fusion is necessary for intracellular membrane traffic and vesicular transport from one endomembrane bound structure to another. In addition to cell secretion, membrane fusion is necessary for intracellular membrane trafficking and vesicle transport from one intracellular membrane to another. We suggest that the debate about whether to use the term ‘porosome’ or ‘fusion pore’ to describe this process is unnecessary, since both of these terms are useful in describing aspects of cell secretion last event, exocytosis. In this review, we will summarize the information related to the discovery of the porosome, a universal secretory portal for exocytosis, and discuss porosome molecular organization and function.  Finally, we will develop the notion that the porosome is a specialized plasma membrane microdomain. 

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