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Bacteria and biofilm formation

DISCOVERIES (ISSN 2359-7232), 2019, July-September issue

CITATION: 

Preda VG, Săndulescu O. Communication is the key: biofilms, quorum sensing, formation and prevention. Discoveries 2019, 7(3): e10. DOI: 10.15190/d.2019.13

Submitted: September 24th, 2019; Revised: September 29th, 2019; Accepted: September 29th, 2019; Published: September 30th, 2019; 

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Communication is the key: biofilms, quorum sensing, formation and prevention

Veronica Georgiana Preda (1,2,*), Oana Săndulescu (3,*)

(1) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Bucharest, Romania; (2) Department of Genetics and Applied Biotechnology, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Bucharest, Romania; (3) Department of Infectious Diseases I, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, Bucharest, Romania.

*Corresponding author: Veronica Georgiana Preda, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, 1-3 Intrarea Portocalelor, Bucharest, Romania; E-mail: vera.preda96@gmail.com; Oana Săndulescu, MD, PhD, Department of Infectious Diseases I, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, No. 1 Dr. Calistrat Grozovici street, Bucharest 021105, Romania. E-mail: oana.sandulescu@umfcd.ro

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a relevant topic nowadays, representing one of the main causes of infection-related mortality and morbidity at a global level. This phenomenon is worrisome and represents an area of interest for both clinical practice and fundamental research. One important mechanism whereby bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics and evade the immune system is by forming biofilms. It is estimated that ~80% of the bacteria producing chronic infections can form biofilms. During the process of biofilm formation microorganisms have the ability to communicate with each other through quorum sensing. Quorum sensing regulates the metabolic activity of planktonic cells, and it can induce microbial biofilm formation and increased virulence. In this review we describe the biofilm formation process, quorum sensing, quorum quenching, several key infectious bacteria producing biofilm, methods of prevention and their challenges and limitations. Although progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of biofilm-driven infections, new strategies are required and have to be further developed..


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