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COVID-19: Epidemiology and Treatment

DISCOVERIES (ISSN 2359-7232), 2020, April-June issue

CITATION: 

Jan H, Faisal S, Khan A, Khan S, Usman H, Liaqat R, Shah SA. COVID-19: Review of Epidemiology and Potential Treatments Against 2019 Novel Coronavirus. Discoveries 2020, 8(2): e108. DOI: 10.15190/d.2020.5


Submitted: April 01, 2020; First Revision: April 07, 2020; Second Revision: April 17, 2020; Accepted: April 18, 2020; Published: April 26, 2020; 

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COVID-19: Review of Epidemiology and Potential Treatments Against 2019 Novel Coronavirus

Hasnain Jan (1,2,*), Shah Faisal (2), Ayyaz Khan (1), Shahzar Khan (3), Hazrat Usman (1), Rabia Liaqat (4), Sajjad Ali Shah (2)

(1) Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
(2) Department of Biotechnology Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
(3) Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
(4) Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan

*Corresponding author: Dr. Hasnain Jan, Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Email: hasnainjan@bs.qau.edu.pk

Abstract

An epidemic of extreme respiratory deterrence, pneumonia and shortness of breath, the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019, and rapidly spread across China and beyond, with human to human transmission. On February 12, 2020, World Health Organization officially named the new coronavirus disease as coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Most COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with pneumonia and many were treated using Chinese medicines and other secondary therapies. As of April 22, 2020, the total figure of infected patients has crossed 2.6 million people worldwide with over 180,000 deaths and 700,000 patients that have recovered. Preliminary reports suggest that certain drugs, such as chloroquine and antiviral nucleotide analogues such as remdesivir, which inhibit viral replication, can target the new coronavirus, although their usefulness in the clinic is still under debate. An expert US committee developed the US NIH guidelines for COVID-19 treatment, which was just released and will be regularly updated. This manuscript reviews the epidemiology, etiology, mortality, COVID-19 clinical symptoms, and potential therapeutic drugs, while highlighting the seriousness and damage-induced by SARS-CoV-2.


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