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Anaesthesia for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation

DISCOVERIES (ISSN 2359-7232), 2021, January-March issue

CITATION: 

Mohanta J, Kumar A, Kaushal A, Talawar P, Gupta P, Jain GAnaesthesia for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation: Ultrasound-Guided Airway Nerve Block versus Ultrasonic Nebulisation with Lignocaine. Discoveries 2021, 9(1): e125. DOI: 10.15190/d.2021.4


Submitted: February 17, 2021; Revised: March 24, 2021; Accepted: March 24, 2021; Published: March 31, 2021; 

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Anaesthesia for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation: Ultrasound-Guided Airway Nerve Block versus Ultrasonic Nebulisation with Lignocaine

Jharana Mohanta (1), Ajit Kumar (1,*), Ashutosh Kaushal (2), Praveen Talawar (1), Priyanka Gupta (1), Gaurav Jain (1)

(1) Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India

(2) Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, M.P., India


*Corresponding authors: Ajit Kumar, Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, AIIMS Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India 249203; Email: ajitdr.ajit@gmail.com; Phone: +919910789377; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3548-1257

Abstract

Background: In anticipated difficult airway, awake fiberoptic guided intubation should be the ideal plan of management. It requires sufficient upper airway anesthesia for patient’s comfort and cooperation. We compared the efficacy of ultrasound guided airway nerve blocks and ultrasonic nebulisation with lignocaine for airway anesthesia before performing awake fibreoptic guided intubation.

Methods: This prospective, randomised study included sixty consenting adult patients of both genders (American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status 1–3) with anticipated difficult airway undergoing surgery. Ultrasound guided airway nerve blocks group received ultrasound-guided bilateral superior laryngeal (1 ml of 2% lignocaine) and transtracheal recurrent laryngeal (2 ml of 2% lignocaine) airway nerve blocks and ultrasonic nebulisation with lignocaine group received ultrasonic nebulisation of 4 ml of lignocaine 4%. The primary outcome was to compare the time required to intubate, whereas the secondary outcomes were to compare cough reflex and gag reflex, hemodynamic changes, number of attempts required, and  comfort score during awake fibreoptic guided intubation in both the groups.

Results: The time taken for intubation was significantly lower in the ultrasound guided airway nerve blocks group 69.2721.85 s than ultrasonic nebulisation with lignocaine group 92.43  42.90 s (p = 0.015). Hemodynamic variables changed during the procedure but the values were comparable in both groups. There were no statistical differences in cough and gag reflexes, number of attempts, and comfort score in both groups.

Conclusions: This study shows that significant lesser time required for performing awake fiberoptic intubation when patient received ultrasound guided airway nerve block in comparison to ultrasonic nebulisation for airway anaesthesia.

Access full text of the manuscript here: 

References

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10. Singh J, Shakya S, Shrestha B, Subedi B, Singh PB. Awake Fiberoptic Intubation in Cervical Spine Injury: A Comparison between Atomized Local Anesthesia versus Airway Nerve Blocks. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2018 Dec;16(64):323–7. 
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